Aphasia impairs the comprehension and understanding of language. It can be expressive, in which the patient cannot send the desired message, or receptive, in which the patient cannot recognize or interpret the message being received. The most effective treatment begins early in the recovery process. Speech-language therapy can help a stroke survivor communicate by helping him to use remaining language abilities, restore language abilities as much as possible, compensate for language problems, and learn other methods of communicating. Family involvement is often an important component of aphasia treatment.
Be sensitive to your loved one first, the aphasia second. Listen attentively, be patient, and do not interrupt. Never say anything you wouldn’t want him to hear; don’t assume he can’t understand. Ask simple questions that require yes or no answers. Allow time for understanding and response. Use visual cues (words, pictures, and objects) when possible. Do not shout or speak too loudly. Encourage him to talk.
Nonverbal communication is very powerful. Active listening requires full attention to what your loved one is saying; it conveys interest and caring. Silence, although quite underused, is a very effective therapeutic communication technique. It requires skill and timing, and can convey respect and support. Touch, when used appropriately, can be a powerful communication technique. Humor is another powerful tool in promoting your loved one’s well-being. It can reduce anxiety, too.
Create an ideal communication setting. Communicate in a quiet room and limit the number of people in the conversation. Stand in your loved one’s line of sight opposite the side of the body affected and let him know when he understands you. Do not ask him to talk and do another task at the same time. Know when he is tired. Respect his privacy; slowly get him back to social situations.
The simple act of communicating is an intricate part of a person’s daily life. The above-mentioned communication techniques can help you better understand what your loved one wants, needs, and expects of you. And it goes both ways.
