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Healthy Choices to Manage Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is a disease that affects the way the body metabolizes sugar (glucose), your body’s main source of fuel. It is chronic and life-threatening because over time, high blood glucose can cause major health problems such as high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke (brain attack), poor circulation, foot problems, eye problems, nerve damage, and kidney disease.

Good communication with a team of experts can help you feel in control. Work with your health care team to create the best treatment plan. Get yourself signed up for a comprehensive diabetes class. Get your very own blood glucose monitor (do not use a monitor that was ever used by someone else). And watch your carbohydrate intake until you can see a dietician or attend a diabetes self-management class. Following a diabetes treatment plan takes round-the-clock commitment; it may take some time for you to be comfortable with the plan.

Type 2 diabetes can be managed by making healthy choices. It takes a balance of food, exercise, and weight control. Consult with a dietician or nutritionist on how to prepare a meal plan that can help keep your blood glucose levels steady. A meal plan usually calls for: a variety of foods; specific amounts of food; and careful spacing of meals and snacks. The American Diabetes Association offers these nutrition tips: stay within calorie limits (ask how many is right for you); serve at least 2 or more servings of fish per week; get plenty of fiber (from whole grains); cut back on sodium intake; and, if you drink alcohol, you need to drink responsibly. If you smoke or use other types of tobacco, now would be a good time for you to quit as smoking increases risk of various diabetes complications.

Regular exercise helps lower blood glucose. Consult with your doctor before beginning an exercise program. Building up 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity each week is generally recommended. Weight control can make a big difference (your doctor can determine what your healthy weight is). Check your blood glucose (as often as recommended) and record the results. It would help if you can write down what you eat, type of exercise you do, and so forth. And check your blood glucose levels over several months. Medications (if prescribed by your doctor) can also lower blood glucose. However, they’re not substitutes for meal planning, exercise or weight loss. You are at a higher risk for gum problems; proper dental care, along with regular dental check-ups every six months, is necessary. Check your feet regularly for blisters and small cuts. Schedule a regular eye exam to have your eye specialist check for signs of retinal damage, cataracts and glaucoma. Be proactive–ask your health care provider about vaccinations against the flu and pneumonia. You may also inquire on other ways to help prevent diabetes complications. And take control of stress by setting limits, prioritizing tasks, learning relaxation techniques, and getting plenty of sleep.

Keep in mind that diabetes does not define you; it doesn’t mean that you life is over, or that you won’t be able to do things that you used to do. Getting encouragement and support from loved ones and friends helps, but recognize the need to commit to managing your diabetes. Walking the path toward your improved health and well-being has its own reward. Stay strong and positive as you prepare yourself for the journey ahead.

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